Sorani gloss

This is a post I've wanted to make for a while, it's a simple gloss of three sentences in Sorani showing a little of how the syntax in this language works. For reference, '-EZ' means ezafe which is the vowel used to link together two nouns or a noun and an adjective.

مەزندەکان بۆ ئەوە دەچن ھەولێر لە سنووری (٦٠٠٠) ساڵ بەر لە زایینەوە نشینگەیەکی ئاوەدان بووبێ تا ئەمرۆش ھەر بەردەوامە

mezendekan          bo ewe  dechin       hewlêr le sinûri     (6000) sall  ber le zayînewe            

estimate-def.art.pl for  that  come-3pl  Hewler in border-EZ 6000 year before birth-Prep.suffix ('before)

nishîngeyekî                 awedan    bûbê               ta     emrosh    her                     

settlement-indef.art.sg. inhabited was-past-subj. until today-also particle(still/even)

berdewame

continuously-is

It is estimated that Hewler/Erbil has been a continuously inhabited settlement since 2000 years B.C. up until today.

لە سەدەی سێ یەمی پێش زاین ،سۆمەریەکان دەسەڵاتیان گرتە دەست لەم ناوچەیە کە پادشایەکەیان حامورابی بوو

le sedey         sêyemî pêsh    zaîn, someryekan             desellatyan                 

in century-EZ third     before birth, Sumerian-def.art.pl. power-Subject-enclitic* 

 girte                         dest   lem      nawcheye   ke    padishayekeyan                      

took-obj.linking-vowel hand  in-this  region-this  that  great-king-def.art.sg.-poss.3pl 

hamurabi     bû

Hammurabi  was

In the third century B.C., the Sumerians, whose king was Hammurabi/under Hammurabi, took control of this region.

*'-yan' shows that the subject of the verb 'girte' is 3rd person plural, i.e. the Sumerians. The word 'someryekan' isn't the actual subject of the verb here, grammatically speaking. This is an effect left over from the split-ergativity which can be found in other Kurdish languages. 'girte' agrees with the object 'desellat' in terms of number.

لە شەڕێک دا (گاومێلا) نزیک ھەولێر ،ھێزەکانی ئەسکەندەری مەکدۆنی توانیان سەرکەوت بەسەر پارتە ھەخامنیەکان و داریۆشی سێیەم بێنه دەست

le  sherrêki             da                                (gawmêla)   nizîk hewlêr, hêzekanî              

in city-indef.art.-EZ prepositional-suffix(-'in') Gaugamela near Hewler  force-def.art.pl-EZ  

eskenderî       mekdonî      tiwanyan                   serkewt              beser parte     

Alexander-EZ Macedonian was-able-subj.encl.* victory-pres.subj. upon  party-EZ     

hekhaminîyekan           u    daryoshî sêyem bêne                                     dest

Achaemenid-def.art.pl and Darius-EZ third   bring-subj.-obj.linking-vowel  hand

In a city near Hewler/Erbil, Gaugemela, the forces of Alexander the Great were able to defeat (take victory upon) the Achaemenid army and Darius III.

*see above